5 Inredible Facts About Circumvallate Placenta: Cause, Treatment, Risks

 

Circumvallate Placenta:

Circumvallate placenta is a condition in which variation occurs in placental morphology, due to the result of small chorionic plate and chorion fetal membranes doubling around the edges of the Placenta.

The Circumvallate placenta is a rare condition that arises when the placenta's chorion and amnion fetal membrane fold backward around the circumferences of the Placenta.

Ultrasound can reveal this condition, or else, it may not diagnose until delivery.

In this article, we will discuss the epidemiology, pathology, Radiographic features, symptoms, and treatment of a Circumvallate Placenta and explain how it may affect pregnancy and childbirth. 

Epidemiology:

The estimation of occurrence is 1-7% .

Pathology:

There is an internal inclusion of membrane from the edge toward the center of the Placenta (from a deep scion of the placenta into the deciduas). Due to this excessive implantation, the Placenta covers up more than half of the fetal sac. The Placenta decreases the excessive covering to the normal ¼ by separating from the uterine wall with the resulting back folding of the fetal membrane and the placenta towards the chorionic surface. 

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Warning Signs and Symptoms:

Typically, A Circulvallate Placenta doesn’t cause symptoms throughout the pregnancy. However, health experts may be able to see some signs, that a woman has Circumvallate Placenta.

Signs of Circumvallate Placenta are:

1. Vaginal Bleeding:

There are higher chances of constant vaginal bleeding during the first trimester (first three months of pregnancy).

In a study that employs 92 pregnant women with a Circumvallate Placenta, experts found that these women have higher vaginal bleeding than those in the control group during all three trimesters.

However, the experts noticed that the results may not be fully representative of the general public, as the study was run with a small number of women.

2. Slow downed Fetal Growth:

A woman with Circumvallate Placenta, her fetus may grow more slowly.

During routine checkups, if a health expert noticed, a fetus is not meeting expected growth points. Probably, he or she suggests trying to determine the underlying causes.

 3. Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)

Premature Rupture of Membrane happens when the amniotic sac breaks before the beginning of labor and it can impact up to 8% of pregnancies. If the rupture occurs in the first 37 weeks, health experts refer to this condition as Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM).

What Causes Circumvallate Placenta?

Circumvallate Placenta is a morphological variation of placental development. Health experts don’t know exactly what causes it, but according to them it is not caused by anything you did or didn’t do. There is no measure by which you can prevent the Circumvallate placenta.

If you have been diagnosed with this condition, you need to be extra cautious about rest and try to take a healthy diet, and put off intrauterine growth limitation.  

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Radiographic Features:

Antenatal Ultrasound:

Antenatal Ultrasound may illustrate the rim of chorionic tissues as an echo-dense ridge (placental shelf).

On 3D ultrasound, its appearance is similar to s tire (the “tire sign”)  

Treatment and Prognosis:

Recognized Complications are:

• Elevated Risks of IUGR

• Higher prevalence of placental abruption

Differential Diagnosis:

For an increased placental edge on ultrasound:

• Part of an amniotic band close to the placenta
• Amniotic band  (amniotic sheet)

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Treatment:

There is no means to repair the placenta. Rather, treatment for the Circumvallate placenta is needed to manage the complications of the circumstance. Following are some treatment plans your health expert may suggest for managing complications from the Circumvallate placenta.  

1. Intrauterine Restricted Growth:

Your health expert will want to put in place a lot of extra checking to ensure how your baby is developing. Health experts may seem to require early delivery. Mothers are ordered to:

• Get plenty rest
• Adopt healthy lifestyle habits
• Eat a nutritious, well-balanced diet
• Stop using tobacco products and prevent smoking

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2. Placental Abruption:

Your health expert may be given IV fluids to aid elevate your blood pressure (BP). If you lost a high amount of blood you may be required a blood transfusion, which will also be provided through an IV.

Your health expert may suggest you complete bad rest if your baby is not yet ready to be born.

Your health expert might be suggested immediate delivery of your baby, if your expected due date is close or blood loss is severe.  

In other conditions in which your bleeding is heavy or your or your baby’s life is at risk, your health expert may suggest you an emergency C-section.  

3. Oligohydramnios:

This condition needs more frequently supervising. A treatment known as amnioinfusion puts fluid in the amniotic sac to restore the lost fluid. Though more research is needed, this treatment may aid to stop compression of the cord or underdeveloped lungs.

It’s always important to weigh the risks of leaving the baby in the uterus or the risk of inducing labor. But in this case, delivery of the baby might be suggested.   

4. Preterm Birth:

Possible admission to the hospital and bed rest may be suggested by your health expert if you set off into premature labor. IV fluids may be provided as well as medication to aid to prevent your labor and relax your uterus. Along with these treatments, the medication that helps expedite the development of your baby’s lung will be provided.